幾何変動下におけるロボット挿入の視覚的sim-to-real学習:鉄筋設置への応用
Visual Sim-to-Real Learning for Robotic Insertion under Geometric Variations: Application to Rebar Installation
鉄筋挿入タスクを対象に、手続き的生成とドメインランダム化を用いた視覚ベースのsim-to-real学習システムを構築し、実機で91.3%の成功率を達成した。
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著者: Tao Sun, Beining Han, Patrick Yin, Rui Xu, Harry He, Abhishek Gupta, Szymon Rusinkiewicz, Yi Shao
分類: cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
Rebar insertion is among the most repetitive and physically demanding tasks on construction sites, and a contact-rich problem at 1.4 mm clearance. The parts, however, vary at two levels: a nominal design per structural member, and fabrication tolerance around each nominal design. Real-world data therefore has to be re-collected as designs and batches change. We present RebarSim, a visual sim-to-real system trained entirely in simulation. A privileged state-based teacher is trained with reinforcement learning over procedurally generated rebar geometries, then distilled into a multi-view student that maps raw RGB and proprioception directly to actions under extensive domain randomization. The student transfers to the real world zero-shot, seating rebars taken from a real factory production run in 91.3% of real-robot rollouts. Underlying that result, geometry diversity and pretraining both bring benefits. Training across a diverse set of nominal designs rather than one lifts the zero-shot success of both the teacher and the student on unseen designs, and the student policy outperforms a single-design specialist on that specialist's own design. A pretrained student then adapts to a new design with 4--6x fewer distillation samples than one trained from scratch. Visual sim-to-real transfer depends on appearance randomization and the DAgger mixture: removing either one sharply lowers success. Videos, code, and task assets are available at https://rebarsim.github.io.
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