ZETA: テーブルトップ操作におけるゼロショット・クロスエンボディメントVLA転移の統制研究
ZETA: A Controlled Study of Zero-Shot Cross-Embodiment VLA Transfer for Tabletop Manipulation
異なるロボット形態へのゼロショット転移を体系的に評価するため、厳密な定義と統制ベンチマークを導入し、状態表現・事前学習の多様性・補助学習・対象形態の露出の影響を分析した。
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著者: Mi Yan, Wenhao Zhang, Zhiqi Zhang, Yu Peng, Tangxinyu Wang, Lingfei Zhai, Jiayi Su, Shengliang Deng, Lin Peng, Yaowei Liu, Yuxing Chen, Zhiyuan Wei, Jilong Wang, Jiayi Chen, Jiangran Lyu, Zhizheng Zhang, He Wang
分類: cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
Zero-shot generalization to unseen embodiments is important for generalizable vision-language-action (VLA) models as robot hardware evolves and task-specific data collection remains costly. However, a systematic understanding of this problem remains limited, in part because the literature lacks a unified zero-shot transfer definition and controlled evaluation settings that isolate embodiment changes from differences in tasks, scenes, or protocols. To address this gap, we first distinguish strict zero-shot transfer, where the target embodiment is absent from all training data, from pretrain-exposed zero-shot transfer, where it appears only during pretraining. We then introduce a controlled benchmark spanning 14 held-out target embodiments across simulation and real-world validation. Within this framework, we conduct a controlled analysis of four factors: state-action representations, pretraining embodiment diversity, auxiliary co-training objectives, and target-embodiment exposure. Experimental results show that local end-effector (EEF) state-action representations, the source embodiment diversity, and auxiliary co-training improve cross-embodiment transfer by around 15, 18, and 7 percentage points, respectively. We further find that adding only 5% target-embodiment data during pretraining improves average target-embodiment progress by 13.4 percentage points, showing that strict and pretrain-exposed zero-shot transfer are distinct and should be reported separately. Together, these findings provide practical guidance for evaluating and improving cross-embodiment VLA transfer in stationary tabletop manipulation with two-finger grippers, while motivating future investigation of broader settings including mobile-base control, dexterous hands, and long-horizon tasks.
関連論文
- 行動整合表現によるクロスエンボディメント転移VLA/転移学習