部分観測からのインテキスト学習型ワールドモデルによる双腕ロボットの柔軟衣類操作
In-Context Learning World Models for Robot Dual-Arm Manipulation of Soft Garment with Partial Observations
大規模シミュレーションで学習したトランスフォーマーベースのワールドモデルが、部分点群履歴から形状・素材特性を推論し、双腕ロボットによる衣類折り畳みの動作計画を実現する。
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著者: Hengyi Sim, Quentin Rouxel, Dennis Hong, Darwin Caldwell, Fei Chen
分類: cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
Robust manipulation of soft objects, such as garments, is a critical skill for service and household robots to adopt, but remains challenging due to its high-dimensional state space, and material-dependent deformations. Humans address this challenge by using mental world models that "imagine" the shape and material properties from partial observations, which enables them to predict how actions affect future states. As such, embedding such world models in robots allows for better generalization in manipulating a wide variety of garments in the real world. However, learned world models typically require large amounts of real world data that is strenuous to collect, and a mechanism to infer latent properties that govern dynamics. We present a Soft-Object World Model that performs generative full-state estimation and action-conditioned dynamics prediction using a transformer backbone trained on large-scale simulated soft object interactions, with measures to mitigate the sim-to-real gap. By learning to infer latent shape and material cues through in-context learning over a variable-length partial point-cloud history, the model generalizes across robot embodiments, material parameters, garment types and shapes, and manipulation coordination modes without weight updates. The world model is then integrated with a Goal-Conditioned action planner for motion synthesis. We validate the approach in simulation and real world for bimanual garment folding, reporting improvements in reconstruction fidelity, prediction accuracy, and task success.