統一軌道マッチング方策最適化:多様なT2I生成とVLA汎化
Unified Trajectory Matching Policy Optimization: Diverse T2I Generation and VLA Generalization
拡散・フローポリシーの事後学習において、報酬最大化ではなく軌道分布マッチングを行う統一RLフレームワークUni-TMPOを提案し、T2I生成の多様性とVLAのタスク・シーン汎化を両立させた。
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著者: Zhiyuan Ma, Jiaming Li, Lingzhen Li, Yu Liu, Xuekai Zhu, Dingkang Liang, Kaiyan Zhang, Jianjun Li, Bowen Zhou, Xiang Bai
分類: cs.CV
原文アブストラクト
Reward-maximizing reinforcement learning (RL) is widely used to post-train stochastic diffusion and flow policies for text-to-image (T2I) generation. However, reward-maximizing RL causes policy mode collapse even under reference KL or entropy regularization, reducing the policy to a single high-reward mode. In T2I, this produces similar images and reward hacking. When extended to vision-language-action (VLA) models, the same collapse removes alternative successful strategies and weakens task and scene generalization. To address this limitation, we introduce Unified Trajectory Matching Policy Optimization (Uni-TMPO), a unified RL post-training framework for diffusion and flow policies. First, Uni-TMPO converts standardized rewards into a target distribution within each trajectory group and derives the policy distribution from trajectory log probabilities. Then, forward Kullback-Leibler optimization matches the two distributions instead of maximizing expected reward. A progress-conditioned coarse-to-fine scheduler efficiently constructs T2I trajectories. Within the unified framework, feedback-conditioned sampling uses updated observations to construct VLA trajectories. Extensive experiments show that Uni-TMPO achieves higher T2I rewards and VLA ID success rates than the strongest baselines. More importantly, it achieves the best T2I reward-diversity-efficiency trade-off and VLA generalization to held-out tasks and scenes, while real-robot evaluation demonstrates the value of multiple action strategies when the higher-reward target is blocked.