マルチロボットタスク割当のための離散モデルベース拡散最適化
Discrete Model-Based Diffusion for Combinatorial Optimization in Multi-Robot Task Allocation
学習不要のサンプリング最適化に拡散を組み込み、離散変数を直接最適化するDiscrete MBDを提案。マルチロボットの連合形成やスケジューリングで既存手法を上回る性能を示した。
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著者: Haejoon Lee, Thomas Marshall Vielmetti, Xinyi Wang, Dimitra Panagou
分類: cs.RO, cs.LG, math.OC
原文アブストラクト
Decision making in multi-agent and multi-robot systems often involves discrete decision variables, leading to NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems that must be solved within seconds for near real-time implementation. Denoising diffusion has emerged as a powerful tool for such problems, but existing approaches face a trade-off: Model-Based Diffusion (MBD) incorporates diffusion in sampling-based optimization (SBO) without training but only over continuous spaces, while existing diffusion-based combinatorial solvers operate over discrete spaces but require offline training. To this end, we propose Discrete Model-Based Diffusion (Discrete MBD), a training-free SBO method that directly optimizes discrete variables by approximating categorical reverse transition distributions through Monte Carlo sampling. We establish a finite-step lower bound on the probability of finding a global minimizer and show that this bound converges to one as the number of denoising steps increases. Extensive experiments on generic integer programs and heterogeneous multi-robot coalition formation and scheduling demonstrate that Discrete MBD outperforms SBO baselines in nearly all settings while achieving solution quality competitive with that of mixed-integer programming and reinforcement learning methods at a fraction of their computational cost.