PerturBot: 摂動的学習で視覚言語行動モデルのショートカット事前分布を打破する
PerturBot: Breaking Shortcut Priors in Vision-Language-Action Models with Perturbative Training
VLAポリシーがタスクに無関係な手がかり(モダリティショートカット)に依存する問題に対し、手首視点の摂動や指示文の拡充、失敗軌跡の再ラベル付けで学習データを再構成する手法と、ショートカット依存度を測る指標GroundingFscoreを提案した。
詳しい要約
1. どんなもの?
2. 先行研究と比べてどこがすごい?
3. 技術・手法の肝は?
4. どうやって有効だと検証した?
5. 議論はある?
6. 次に読むべき論文は?
※ AIが要旨から生成した要約です。正確性は原文をご確認ください。
著者: Mingyu Liu, Chonghao Sima, Tianjian Feng, Hanqing Wang, Cong Chen, Hao Chen, Chunhua Shen
分類: cs.RO, cs.CV
原文アブストラクト
A vision--language--action (VLA) policy can complete complex tasks while ignoring the evidence that should determine its actions. An object held near the wrist camera can displace the instructed target. Language and action show the same pattern: a familiar noun can trigger the operation it was paired with in training even after the verb changes, and a gripper that closed on nothing may lift anyway. We call these dependencies modality shortcuts: regularities in successful demonstrations make visual, lexical, or motor cues sufficient to predict expert actions without the task evidence needed for the underlying decision. More demonstrations of the same kind can raise task success while leaving these shortcuts intact. We propose Perturbot which makes task-relevant evidence easier to use and shortcuts insufficient on their own: it applies task-preserving wrist-view perturbations, enriches instructions with decision-relevant captions, and adds random and failed trajectory segments relabeled with the behavior they contain. It complements scaling by changing what is scaled, and leaves inference unchanged. Moreover, we propose GroundingFscore, an offline score that diagnoses how severely a policy relies on modality shortcuts. Task success rate shows whether a policy improves, while GroundingFscore reveals whether the policy scales healthily, relying on task evidence rather than shortcuts. Together, Perturbot and GroundingFscore provide a training-and-evaluation framework for disentangling VLA decisions from shortcut priors while preserving responsiveness to task-relevant evidence.