Opt2VLA: 接触の多いヒューマノイド全身マニピュレーションのための力認識型視覚-言語-行動モデル
Opt2VLA: Force-Aware Vision-Language-Action for Contact-Rich Humanoid Whole-Body Manipulation
ヒューマノイドの全身操作において、VLAモデルが運動目標と接触力の指令を同時に予測し、強化学習ベースの全身制御器で追従する力認識型フレームワークを提案。軌道最適化で接触を考慮した訓練データを生成し、接触の多い3タスクで力の調整精度が向上することを示した。
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著者: Fukang Liu, Yipu Chen, Jaehwi Jang, Danfei Xu, Zsolt Kira, Ye Zhao
分類: cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
Humanoid robots are expected to perform diverse human-level tasks in daily environments, many of which require precise regulation of interaction forces. While recent vision-language-action (VLA) models have shown promise for semantic planning and visuomotor control, existing humanoid systems primarily represent actions through geometric motion goals and rely on whole-body controllers focused on motion tracking, with limited explicit reasoning or control of interaction forces. This limitation is particularly relevant in contact-rich tasks, where geometrically similar motions may require different force regimes depending on the task context and where visual observations may become unreliable after contact. In this work, we present Opt2VLA, a force-aware VLA framework that introduces explicit force commands at the VLA-to-control interface for humanoid whole-body manipulation. A single multi-task VLA policy jointly predicts both geometric motion goals and continuous contact-force references, which are tracked by task-specific reinforcement learning (RL)-based whole-body controllers. To provide scalable and physically grounded supervision, we generate dynamically feasible and contact-consistent training data via whole-body trajectory optimization (TO) with explicit force references. We evaluate Opt2VLA on three contact-rich humanoid tasks and show that explicit force conditioning enables more accurate and consistent force regulation than motion-only control, while physically grounded torque supervision from TO further improves force tracking accuracy and stability. Closed-loop evaluations further demonstrate language-conditioned force modulation with Opt2VLA in simulation and on humanoid hardware.