終端制約を超えて:学習した安全集合による信頼性の高いロボット制御
Beyond Terminal Constraints: Reliable Robot Control with Learned Safe Sets
制御不変集合に頼らず、より広い安全集合を学習し予測ホライズンの各ノードを制約することで、MPCの再帰的実行可能性と安全性を保証する手法を提案し、6関節マニピュレータで検証した。
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著者: Gianni Lunardi, Elias Fontanari, Matteo Saveriano, Andrea Del Prete
分類: cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
Ensuring safety in advanced robot control methods such as Model Predictive Control (MPC) and Reinforcement Learning remains an open challenge. A common approach relies on control-invariant sets, yet their exact computation for nonlinear systems is generally intractable, and numerical approximations compromise theoretical guarantees. In this work, we show that safety does not need to rely exclusively on control invariance. We introduce novel classes of safe sets, each broader than classical control-invariant sets, and analyze corresponding MPC schemes that guarantee recursive feasibility by constraining different nodes of the prediction horizon rather than only the terminal state. Furthermore, when the safe set is an inner approximation of a suitable control-invariant set, our methods can ensure safety through a safe-abort strategy, even in the absence of recursive feasibility. We validate our approaches in extensive simulations on a 6-joint robot manipulator, showing fewer constraint violations than state-of-the-art methods while maintaining comparable tracking performance and computational efficiency. Hardware experiments further demonstrate the practicality of our schemes for real-world robotic applications.