予測ではなく計画のために適応せよ:楽観的テスト時ワールドモデル適応
Adapt for Planning, Not just Prediction: Optimistic Test-Time World Model Adaptation
計画に使うワールドモデルをテスト時に閉ループで適応させる際、予測損失に加えて計画器の目標到達コストも最小化する楽観的適応手法OpTTAを提案し、操作・到達・ナビゲーションで成功率を向上させた。
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著者: Akshay Mete, Dileep Kalathil, P. R. Kumar
分類: cs.LG, cs.AI, cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
Latent world models are typically pre-trained offline and kept frozen at test time, so planning with them can degrade under distribution shift. Test-time adaptation (TTA) can mitigate this degradation by updating the model during deployment. Unlike pre-training on fixed data, TTA for planning is closed-loop: the planner uses model rollouts to select actions, and the resulting transitions drive the next update. This raises the question: which objective should guide TTA for planning? Under a prediction-only objective, the model is fit only to the outcomes of its own actions, so it can remain wrong about the actions that would reach the goal, and low prediction error need not translate into better planning. Inspired by reward-biased maximum likelihood from adaptive control, we introduce Optimistic Test-Time Adaptation (OpTTA). Its objective has two terms, the prediction loss on observed transitions and the planner's goal-reaching cost on its candidate rollouts, both minimized over the model parameters. The planning term biases adaptation toward models that are optimistic about reaching the goal, without any additional environment interaction. Across visual and environment shifts on manipulation, reaching and navigation tasks, OpTTA raises final planning success over the frozen model by 13.5 percentage points on average, compared with 6.9 for the prediction-only objective (AdaJEPA), when only the predictor is adapted. When the encoder is adapted as well, the gains are 13.5 and 7.5 points. These experiments span three JEPA world models with different encoders and training objectives and, for temporal straightening, both CEM and gradient-based planners. Our results suggest that test-time adaptation of world models for planning benefits from an optimistic, task-aware term in addition to the prediction loss.