PICA-WAM: 世界行動モデルにおける外観横断的自己整合による視覚摂動不変性
PICA-WAM: Visual Perturbation Invariance via Cross-Appearance Self-Alignment in World Action Models
世界行動モデル(WAM)に摂動不変性を補助タスクとして組み込む自己教師あり学習フレームワークを提案し、視覚的外観変化に対するロバスト性を向上させた。
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著者: Yude Zou, Yifei Yao, Guanbo Jiao, Jianming Ma, Guanjie Zheng, Xing Gao
分類: cs.CV, cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
World Action Models (WAMs) jointly predict future video and generate actions, yet remain sensitive to task-irrelevant visual perturbations, i.e., changes in visual appearance that should not affect robot behavior. We identify a gap in conventional WAM training: video prediction encourages representations to preserve appearance information, while action generation does not explicitly enforce invariance to task-irrelevant appearance. Data augmentation exposes WAMs to such perturbations but does not require perturbed and nominal observations to produce consistent action representations, and alignment with external pretrained features does not guarantee the desired invariance. To address this gap, we propose PICA-WAM, a self-supervised training framework that casts perturbation invariance as an auxiliary cross-appearance self-alignment task for WAMs. An exponential-moving-average (EMA) teacher processes the nominal observation to provide a deeper-layer target, while the online WAM processes a perturbed observation and aligns its shallower-layer action representation to this target through a lightweight projection head. Across four strong WAMs evaluated on RoboTwin 2.0, LIBERO-Plus, EBench, and a real robot, PICA-WAM consistently improves robustness under visual perturbations, preserves nominal performance in simulation, and raises the real robot success rate. PICA-WAM further reduces the sensitivity of video features to task-irrelevant appearance and its propagation into actions, as shown by paired layer-wise diagnostics. Code: https://github.com/YudeZou/PICA-WAM-release