デジタルツインと人間参加型デモンストレーションを活用した強化学習によるロボットの柔軟性向上
Leveraging Human-In-The-Loop Demonstrations in Reinforcement Learning for Digital Twin-Driven Robot Flexibility
デジタルツインと強化学習、人間のデモンストレーションを組み合わせ、実世界のフィードバックでオンライン適応する枠組みを提案。模倣損失を加えずにデモを活用するデュアルアクター構成で、障害物回避タスクの成功率を大幅に改善した。
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著者: Yuzhu Sun, Mien Van, Nguyen Minh Nhat, Stephen McIlvanna, Sean McLoone
分類: cs.RO, eess.SY
原文アブストラクト
Growing automation makes collaborative robots work in more variable environments, increasing the need for adaptation. We propose a human-in-the-loop online training framework combining a digital twin (DT), reinforcement learning (RL), and human demonstrations. Unlike DTs used mainly to generate synthetic data before task execution, our DT is synchronized with the physical system in real time through camera feeds, allowing the virtual robot to update its observations and policy from real-world feedback. A dual actor framework integrates imitation learning (IL) without adding a direct imitation loss to the RL actor, so demonstrations can guide adaptation instead of manual reprogramming. The proposed framework is demonstrated on the Ufactory Xarm5 collaborative robot, where the robot's end-effector aims to reach the target position while avoiding obstacles. The experiments show that the framework can resume training after a change in the physical workspace and that, with a fixed set of non-optimal demonstrations, the dual actor framework achieves a much higher final success rate than two methods that add an imitation loss to the actor. The same pattern holds with real human demonstrations collected in virtual reality (VR): with demonstrations that never reach the goal, the dual actor framework reached 83-100% mean deterministic evaluation success, against 0-17% for the two imitation-loss methods.