VLMベースの目標探索における空間・意味的不確かさ:探索と識別のバランス
Spatial-Semantic Uncertainty in VLM-Based Target Search: Balancing Exploration and Identification
VLMを用いた目標探索で、位置の空間的不確かさと目標同一性の意味的不確かさを分離して扱い、情報利得に基づく計画で探索と識別のトレードオフを最適化する手法を提案した。
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著者: Alkesh K. Srivastava, Jonathan Diller, Vijay Kumar, Philip Dames
分類: cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
Robots searching for a target from a natural-language description must determine not only where to search, but also which observed candidate is the desired target. These decisions reflect two distinct sources of uncertainty - spatial uncertainty over candidate locations and semantic uncertainty over target identity - that are often conflated in VLM-based search systems. We introduce a spatial-semantic uncertainty formulation that maintains separate beliefs over each component and integrates probabilistic VLM evidence into a global target-identity posterior, including probability mass for undiscovered targets. This decomposition allows an information-theoretic planner to independently value candidate discovery and target disambiguation through spatial and semantic expected information gain (EIG), providing an explicit mechanism for trading broader exploration against earlier identification. We evaluate six VLM uncertainty-elicitation interfaces on 500 synthetic targets and show that similar recognition accuracy can conceal substantial differences in calibration and false confidence. In degraded-observation search-and-identify experiments, EIG-based planners reach confident decisions in 75.0%-92.5% of trials, compared with 20.0% for Random search, while different spatial-semantic weightings achieve comparable identification accuracy once confidence is attained. Increasing semantic emphasis reduces unnecessary exploration and VLM queries, demonstrating that explicitly planning over semantic uncertainty can accelerate target resolution without sacrificing decision quality. These results highlight the distinct roles of uncertainty representation and uncertainty-driven planning in embodied VLM systems.