離散的な心から連続的な行動へ:エンドツーエンド自動運転のための潜在整合プランニング
Continuous Actions from Discrete Minds: Latent-Aligned Planning for End-to-End Autonomous Driving
Vision-Language Modelの離散的な推論と自動運転の連続的な物理制約を橋渡しするため、潜在整合プランニングを備えたVLAフレームワークLaPlaを提案。量子化誤差を排除し、物理的に妥当な軌道を生成する。
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著者: Ruoyu Yao, Yusen Xie, Qingzhao Liu, Pei Liu, Zewei Yang, Yipeng Zhu, Xiaolong Wang, Jun Ma
分類: cs.CV, cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
Bridging the gap between the discrete reasoning of Vision-Language Models and the continuous, physics-constrained nature of autonomous driving remains a significant challenge. In this work, we introduce LaPla, a unified Vision-Language-Action (VLA) framework featuring latent-aligned planning to seamlessly ground semantic understanding in precise motion execution. We first design an action tokenizer based on a residual vector-quantized variational autoencoder (VQ-VAE), capturing vehicle kinematics and encoding trajectory features into a structured latent space. Rather than discrete codebook lookups that inevitably introduce quantization errors, LaPla repurposes this representation as a physical prior to bridge the modality gap between high-dimensional semantics and the raw action space. Specifically, given multimodal inputs integrating multi-view images, historical actions, and textual instructions, LaPla incorporates concurrent action queries to causally attend to the multimodal context in a single forward pass, projecting hidden states directly into the pretrained VQ-VAE latent space. The frozen decoder then translates these continuous latents into actions, effectively eliminating quantization errors and ensuring physically plausible trajectories while bypassing time-consuming autoregressive generation. Extensive experiments on the nuScenes benchmark demonstrate that LaPla achieves competitive open-loop performance, reducing long-horizon L2 error by 15.52% compared to state-of-the-art VLA methods. Closed-loop evaluations on the NVIDIA AlpaSim simulator further confirm its superior capability in ensuring smooth driving progress, improving the success rate by 33.34 percentage points with significantly reduced inference latency.