接触拘束に基づく人型ロボット下肢関節オフセット校正
Contact-Constrained Lower-Limb Joint-Offset Calibration for Humanoid Robots
外部計測装置を使わず、内蔵エンコーダと骨盤IMUのみで、静的両足接地時の接触拘束を利用して下肢関節オフセットを校正する手法を提案。シミュレーションと実機で精度向上を確認した。
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著者: Kaixiang Lu, Haiyu Lan, Chunxiao Qiao, You Li, Chengyuan Luo, Enyu Li, Peiwen Lin, Chuang Wang
分類: cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
Accurate joint encoder offsets are essential for kinematic consistency in humanoid lower limbs, yet existing calibration methods typically require external motion-capture systems or fiducial targets. We present a self-contained calibration framework exploiting only onboard joint encoders and a pelvis-mounted IMU during static double-support contact. The inter-foot transform from forward kinematics must stay constant when both feet are fixed; minimizing its posture-dependent dispersion yields a nonlinear least-squares problem over the 12-dimensional offset vector. A Hessian eigenstructure analysis shows that parallel pitch axes induce a rotational coupling. Orientation residuals then observe only the pitch-offset sum, while translation and posture diversity set the remaining numerical observability. For the A3 pitch-to-roll-to-yaw ordering, hip-roll and hip-yaw excitation reduce hip-pitch coupling. A standing-posture knee prior then anchors the remaining weak pitch-chain decomposition. Simulation and real-machine injection tests show consistent recovery, and on held-out recordings calibration reduces foot-height RMS residuals from 4.26 to 2.20 mm on A3 and from 8.03 to 1.43 mm on A2. An independent LiDAR-inertial reference checks the pitch-coupled channel. Removing an injected pitch offset moves the leg-odometry vertical drift back toward the LiDAR trajectory. A few static double-support stances thus provide contact-consistent corrections for well-excited directions. Individual offsets in the weak pitch chain remain prior-dependent.