レンダリング不要のイベントフレームシミュレーションによる自律ロボットナビゲーションの高速強化学習
Rendering-Free Event Frame Simulation for Fast Reinforcement Learning of Autonomous Robot Navigation
画像レンダリングを介さずにシーン形状と自己運動から直接イベントストリームを生成する解析的シミュレータを提案し、障害物回避の強化学習を従来比約1000倍高速に収束させ、実機ドローンへのゼロショット転移を実現した。
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著者: Dequan Ou, Austin Lopez, Quentin Missinne, Christophe De Wagter, Guido C. H. E. de Croon
分類: cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
Event cameras offer low latency, high dynamic range, and milliwatt-level power consumption, making them ideal for agile robots such as tiny drones navigating through cluttered environments. However, existing simulators generally render photorealistic images before converting them into events, making large-scale reinforcement learning prohibitively slow. We propose an analytic event simulator that exploits what event cameras fundamentally measure - moving contrast edges - to synthesize event streams directly from scene geometry and ego-motion without visual rendering. Our simulator generates a 64x64 event observation in 17 microseconds on a single GPU - over 400x faster than a state-of-the-art rendering pipeline - enabling end-to-end reinforcement learning for goal-directed obstacle avoidance to converge in under 30 minutes - three orders of magnitude faster than training on rendered events. Policies transfer zero-shot to physically based event simulations (ray-traced Isaac Sim). Our policy reaches 83% success in cluttered courses unseen during training (mid-difficulty, traversability probability approx. 0.57), at 2.4 m/s average goal velocity, and retains 70% in a simulated texture-dense indoor hall. Furthermore, we quantized the policy to a 1.2 MB int8 network running fully onboard a 56-gram Crazyflie equipped with a Prophesee GenX320 event camera and an OpenMV N6 microcontroller board. Without any fine-tuning, external processing, or positioning, the policy achieves an average success rate of 82% (5/5, 5/6, 4/6 flights) across three real-world obstacle courses of increasing difficulty. Code: https://github.com/tudelft/rendering-free-event-nav
関連論文
- ADV2E: アナログ回路と離散フレームのギャップを埋める動画→イベントシミュレータイベントカメラ/sim2real