閉ループ最適化によるVLAモデルへの視覚タスク誘導攻撃の強化
Enhancing Visual Task-Redirection Attacks on Vision-Language-Action Models via Closed-Loop Optimization
VLAモデルに対する視覚的攻撃を閉ループで最適化するTRACOを提案し、攻撃軌道上の実状態に合わせて教師信号を再構築することでタスク誘導の成功率を向上させた。
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著者: Chunjin Ye, Guanying Chen, Jianjie Huang, Jianhao Chen, Quanlin Chen, Hanjie Zhao, Haozhe Liang, Tieyun Qian, Xiaochun Cao
分類: cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
Vision-language-action (VLA) models enable language-guided robot manipulation, but remain vulnerable to visual attacks that undermine user control over robot behavior. Prior studies optimize visual perturbations using fixed target supervision. However, the perturbation can change earlier actions and, in turn, the physical states reached later. As the attacked trajectory evolves, this supervision may no longer match the behavior needed at the states actually reached. Accurately matching these targets can therefore fail to advance the attacker-specified task. Even with suitable supervision, reducing average matching error does not ensure sustained task progress. The robot may still fail at a critical stage, and further updates can disrupt previously successful behavior. To address these limitations, we propose TRACO, a framework that enhances existing targeted visual attacks through closed-loop optimization. Its Execution-Driven Supervision rebuilds supervision for the states reached under attack to guide subsequent updates. Within this framework, Progress-Guided Selection focuses updates where progress stalls while maintaining supervision on the earlier behavior needed to reach that point. Experiments across VLA models and simulation environments show improved task-redirection success with TRACO, highlighting the security implications of closed-loop attack optimization.