実時間ヤコビアン推定による器用な把持ペン書きの高速学習
Rapid Learning of Dexterous In-Hand Pen Writing through Real-Time Jacobian Estimation
把持したペンを用いた手先内操作による文字書きを、実機上での実時間ヤコビアン推定に基づく制御で実現し、約18秒の初期化で学習を開始、サブミリ精度を達成した。
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著者: Kai Stewart, Yasunori Toshimitsu, Robert K. Katzschmann
分類: cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
Dexterous in-hand manipulation of a grasped object with an anthropomorphic hand is an unsolved frontier for robot dexterity. The contact-richness and highly dynamic nature of object-hand interactions tend to require extensive modeling or data-collection efforts for learning-based approaches. Modern simulators used for reinforcement learning (RL) cannot fully replicate the required contact complexity, while collecting dexterous demonstrations for imitation learning (IL) remains an open problem. In this research, we present an embodied control approach based on real-time task Jacobian estimation of the combined hand and object system on the physical robot. Using only the CPU on a laptop, the proposed controller begins in-hand pen writing after approximately 18 s of initialization and continues to adapt online, without an analytic hand--object kinematic/contact model, simulation training, or precollected task demonstrations. We demonstrate that the same estimator/controller formulation works on three anthropomorphic robotic hand systems (one physical, two simulated) to show human-like, in-hand articulation of a grasped pen by an embodiment-independent formulation. Sub-millimeter in-plane precision (mean 0.6 mm across runs) is achieved across letters and shapes written in the air and on paper on a physical robot. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of an anthropomorphic hand writing arbitrary single-stroke trajectories with a grasped pen through purely in-hand motion, and it showcases an alternative to compute- and data-heavy approaches such as RL and IL for achieving dexterous manipulation through computationally simple and data-efficient algorithms.