構造認識型コードブック量子化による超低ビットVLAモデル
SACQ: Structure-Aware Codebook Quantization for Ultra-Low-Bit Vision-Language-Action Models
VLAモデルを超低ビットで重み量子化するSACQを提案し、構造認識型コードブックと行動誤差に基づくビット配分でメモリを約4.8倍削減しつつ高い成功率を維持した。
詳しい要約
1. どんなもの?
2. 先行研究と比べてどこがすごい?
3. 技術・手法の肝は?
4. どうやって有効だと検証した?
5. 議論はある?
6. 次に読むべき論文は?
※ AIが要旨から生成した要約です。正確性は原文をご確認ください。
著者: Haesung Lee, Insu Han
分類: cs.CV, cs.LG, cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models enable capable robot behavior, but their large memory footprint limits deployment on resource-constrained robotic platforms. Weight quantization is a natural remedy, yet post-training quantization (PTQ) recipes inherited from large language models degrade when applied to VLAs at ultra-low precision. Existing low-bit PTQ methods often fail to explicitly account for the structure of downstream operations and allocate precision without considering its effect on the policy actions. We introduce SACQ, an ultra- low-bit weight-only vector-codebook quantization framework for VLAs. SACQ combines (1) structure-aware codebook fitting with role-specific quadratic metrics that reflect input statistics and downstream sensitivity; (2) action-aware mixed-bit allocation based on the increase in final-action error as individual layers are compressed; and (3) two-stage post-quantization refinement that reassigns codeword indices with second-order error compensation and calibrates codebooks and row-group scales against the decoded action. Using GR00T N1.7, SACQ achieves 93.85% average success across four LIBERO suites at 1.5 bits per language/action weight while reducing model memory by 4.83x. With INT8 activation quantization and low-precision attention, it retains 93.55% success while running 1.51x faster than BF16. On SimplER, SACQ further achieves 63.76% and 52.27% success under Visual Matching and Variant Aggregation at 2 bits per language/action weight, compared to 58.90% and 53.45% for BF16, respectively.