RTISSLAM: 頑健なポーズグラフと占有格子マッピングを用いた空中イメージングソナーSLAM
RTISSLAM: In-air Imaging Sonar SLAM using a Robust Pose Graph and Occupancy Grid Mapping
空中イメージングソナー専用のSLAMシステムを提案し、鏡面反射が多い環境でもポーズグラフと占有格子地図を組み合わせて高精度な自己位置推定と地図構築を実現した。
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著者: Jan Steckel
分類: cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
Sonar was one of the first sensors with which mobile robots built maps, and in-air sonar keeps working where cameras and lidar fail, in darkness, smoke, dust and next to glass. Classical sonar SLAM, however, relied on geometric features or occupancy grids built from sparse range readings, and both struggle with the specular reflections that dominate indoor sonar. In this letter, we introduce RTISSLAM, a novel sonar-only SLAM system for an embedded 3D imaging sonar, which combines the robust pose graph of BatSLAM 2.0 as back-end with an occupancy grid as map. Energyscapes from delay-multiply-and-sum beamforming with a range-wise CFAR serve as place descriptors for sequence-verified loop closures, acoustic odometry calibrates the wheel odometry online, recognized revisits are registered metrically, and the grid is stored per keyframe and anchored to the pose-graph nodes, so that it follows every loop closure. In simulated worlds with specular walls, RTISSLAM reduces the trajectory error of the wheel odometry from \SI{8.2}{\meter} to \SI{0.31}{\meter} in an office, while lidar-style grid SLAM on the same sonar data fails.