インコンテキスト誘導:数値基盤モデルによるタスク間相乗効果の学習と少数ショット多タスク最適化
In-Context Guidance: Learning Inter-Task Synergies via Numerical Foundational Models for Few-Shot Multitask Optimization
数値基盤モデルをインコンテキスト学習で活用し、少数評価予算下での多タスク最適化におけるタスク間関係推定を改善するICG-MTOを提案。ベイズ最適化とMFEA-IIに適用し、ロボットアーム制御でも有効性を示した。
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著者: Tingyang Wei, Haofeng Wu, Jiao Liu, Zhao Wei, Puay Siew Tan, Yew-Soon Ong
分類: cs.LG, cs.AI, cs.NE
原文アブストラクト
Multi-task optimization (MTO) addresses a set of optimization tasks simultaneously, often suffering from inaccurate inter-task relationship estimation under limited evaluation budgets, leading to negative transfer. This paper introduces In-Context Guidance Multitask Optimization (ICG-MTO), a novel framework that leverages numerical foundational models to improve inter-task coupling estimation in few-shot scenarios. Unlike conventional methods that rely solely on scarce observed data, ICG-MTO employs a frozen foundational model to infer auxiliary guidance through in-context learning. The framework operates through three stages: constructing an algorithm-specific in-context query from evaluated solutions, using the foundational model to infer a guidance signal characterizing predictive relationships among tasks, and translating this signal into algorithm-specific guidance for maximum-a-posteriori coupling estimation. This approach provides regularization during the early, data-scarce stages of optimization and gradually relinquishes control as task-specific observations accumulate. We instantiate the framework in multitask Bayesian optimization as ICG-MTBO, using directional fitness-class queries to guide inter-task coupling estimation, and further instantiate it in MFEA-II using decision-space-overlap queries to guide random mating probability estimation. Experiments across synthetic benchmarks and a real-world robot arm control problem, together with evaluations under different acquisition functions and evolutionary multitasking, demonstrate the effectiveness and generality of ICG-MTO for few-shot multitask optimization.