二重ストレス：安全制約付きMPCナビゲーションのための実行時安全性モニタリング
Dual Stress: Runtime Safety Monitoring for Safety-Constrained MPC Navigation
モデル予測制御の最適化から得られるKKT乗数を利用した新しい危険監視信号を提案し、幾何学的検出器と組み合わせることで衝突警告性能を大幅に向上させた。
著者: Jamil Chahine, Wenqi Cai, John Abanes, Anthony Tzes
分類: cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
Runtime hazard monitors for autonomous naviga- tion are conventionally built from geometric quantities: predicted clearance, time to collision, and required deceleration. A model-predictive controller that enforces safety through explicit con- straints computes, as a by-product of every control step, a second information channel that such monitors ignore: the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker multipliers of its constrained optimization, which measure the marginal control effort spent to maintain safety against each obstacle. This paper evaluates whether a horizon-weighted sum of those multipliers, a dual stress signal, provides a hazard monitor complementary to the geometric warnings the same state already supports. We compare it against a battery of fifteen geometric detectors tuned to a matched false-alarm budget, on preregistered held-out crossing scenarios driven through a physics simulator. The stress alarm actionably flags 4.7 times as many collisions missed by the entire geometric battery as the geometric battery flags in return (85 versus 18); combined, the two channels warn of three quarters of the collisions for which braking remained feasible, against under half for the geometric battery alone.