連合学習におけるLT符号に着想を得たピーリングによる勾配逆転の連鎖
Cascading Gradient Inversion via LT-Code Inspired Peeling in Federated Learning
連合学習の勾配逆転攻撃を消失訂正符号の理論と結びつけ、単一ラウンドでバッチを完全復元する新手法を提案し、従来の限界を大幅に超えることを示した。
詳しい要約
1. どんなもの?
2. 先行研究と比べてどこがすごい?
3. 技術・手法の肝は?
4. どうやって有効だと検証した?
5. 議論はある?
6. 次に読むべき論文は?
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著者: Saeed Shariati, Mohsen Alambardar Meybodi
分類: cs.LG, cs.AI, cs.CR
原文アブストラクト
Federated learning shares model updates rather than raw data, yet these updates can be inverted to reconstruct the clients' training data. Analytic reconstruction attacks, which invert a gradient in closed form, degrade as the batch grows: prior single-round attacks recover only about half of a batch of size $100$ even when the attacker fully controls the network parameters, and known upper bounds limit what any such method can recover. We establish a connection between gradient inversion and the theory of erasure-correcting codes, and use it to construct attacks that exceed these bounds. Our attacks recover batches exactly, together with every sample's label, from a single FedSGD round, and certify each recovery without ground-truth data. On eight image and tabular benchmarks they outperform prior single-round attacks by a wide margin. Even a passive attacker who only observes an honestly trained network recovers $94$--$100\%$ of ImageNet batches at sizes up to $128$, more than prior single-round attacks achieve even with active manipulation of the model, and in the active setting more than $90\%$ is recovered at batch sizes of several hundred. These results show that the privacy leakage of federated learning has been underestimated.