CARDINAL:非造影心臓CTから心血管リスクを予測する
CARDINAL Predicts Cardiovascular Risk From Non-contrast Cardiac CT
非造影心臓CT画像から深層学習を用いて心血管イベントのリスクを予測するフレームワークCARDINALを開発し、従来法より高い予測精度を示した。
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著者: Roy Gabriel, Nattakorn Kittisut, Jamshid Hassanpour, Michael Galarnyk, Abanoub Abdelmalak, Marly van Assen, Carlo N. De Cecco, Arshed Quyyumi, Ali Adibi
分類: eess.IV, cs.AI, cs.CV, cs.LG, cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
Cardiovascular risk prediction remains limited by incomplete clinical data and imaging biomarkers that reduce computed tomography (CT) to a small number of handcrafted features. We developed CARDINAL (Cardiovascular Assessment via Representation learning from Deep Imaging with Nested Anatomical Latent embeddings), a clinically grounded framework that learns compact representations from routine non-contrast cardiac CT for major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) prediction. In 17,659 patients, CARDINAL was evaluated for 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year MACE prediction against American Heart Association (AHA) pooled cohort equations (PCE), AHA predicting risk of cardiovascular disease events (PREVENT), coronary artery calcium (CAC), segmentation-derived CT biomarkers, and 70-feature structural radiomics. Gains were largest at longer horizons. At 10 years, CARDINAL (joint) achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.866 $\pm$ 0.020 and an area under the precision-recall curve (AUPRC) of 0.890 $\pm$ 0.015, compared with an AUROC of 0.826 $\pm$ 0.023 and an AUPRC of 0.826 $\pm$ 0.022 for structural radiomics, the strongest baseline. CARDINAL also achieved the highest survival concordance index (C-index), 0.753 $\pm$ 0.015, and high-versus-low risk-tertile hazard ratio, 10.78 $\pm$ 3.16, with favorable reclassification and exploratory calibration. These findings suggest that non-contrast cardiac CT contains prognostic information beyond conventional risk equations, CAC scoring, and engineered imaging biomarkers.
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