撚り糸構造がロボット皮膚用テキスタイル容量センサの圧力・近接センシング特性に与える影響
Effect of Twisted-Yarn Architecture on Pressure and Proximity Sensing Characteristics of Textile Capacitive Sensors for Robotic Skin
銀コート糸とPDMSを用いたテキスタイル容量センサにおいて、撚り層数(1,2,4層)が圧力・近接検知性能に与える影響を系統的に評価し、層数増加による感度向上と検知距離のトレードオフを明らかにした。
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著者: Ishtia Zahir, Eslam Saleh, Maryam Rezayati, Güunter Grabher, Gaffar Hossain
分類: cs.RO, physics.ins-det
原文アブストラクト
Textile-integrated capacitive sensors offer flexible and conformable tactile sensing for wearable electronics and human-robot interaction; however, the influence of yarn-level architecture on capacitive transduction characteristics remains insufficiently quantified. This work presents a textile capacitive sensing platform based on silver-coated yarns coated with polydimethylsiloxane and assembled into one-, two-, and four-layer twisted configurations. The influence of effective electrode overlap area and inter-fiber separation on the capacitive response is systematically investigated, enabling architecture-dependent tuning of pressure and proximity sensing characteristics. Pressure was calculated using the localized single-fiber contact area, corresponding to stresses of 0.4-3.9 MPa. Increasing the layer number improved mechanical strength and sensing performance: elongation at break increased from 37.5% to 62.5% and 85.0%, while the maximum load increased from 23.3 to 42.7 and 89.7 N. Sensitivity increased with layer number and frequency, reaching 0.1331 MPa$^{-1}$ for the four-layer sensor at 100 kHz. The four-layer configuration also exhibited low hysteresis, minimal thermal drift from 25 to 90 $^\circ$C, and stable operation over 15,000 cycles. Proximity detection ranges of 60, 50, and 40 mm were obtained for the one-, two-, and four-layer sensors, respectively, revealing an architecture-dependent sensitivity-range trade-off. A 4$\times$4 textile sensing array enabled spatial contact mapping, while robotic-arm integration demonstrated real-time touch and proximity detection with an end-to-end robotic system latency (from detection to robot reaction) of 403 ms. The results establish yarn architecture as a tunable design parameter governing the measurement characteristics of textile-integrated capacitive sensing systems.