経皮的脊髄電気刺激は健常成人の意識的な足首の固有感覚を乱し、より制約された歩行パターンを生み出す
Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation Disrupts Conscious Ankle Proprioception and Produces a More Constrained Locomotor Pattern in Unimpaired Adults
健常成人を対象に、経皮的脊髄電気刺激(tSCS)が足首の固有感覚と歩行に与える影響を調べた。急性刺激は固有感覚を悪化させ、歩行をより保守的にするが、トレーニングを続けると固有感覚が改善し、その効果は刺激終了後も持続した。
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著者: Christopher A. Johnson, Andria J. Farrens, Parastoo Ali Pour, Arjan Gillan, Hui Zhong, David J. Reinkensmeyer, Alexandra S. Voloshina
分類: q-bio.NC, cs.RO
原文アブストラクト
Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) modulates spinal sensorimotor circuits primarily through activation of afferent networks. While prior work has emphasized locomotor performance and spinal excitability, how tSCS affects conscious proprioceptive perception and the extent to which such effects parallel changes in locomotor control remain unclear. We investigated the acute and training-related effects of tSCS on ankle proprioception and gait in unimpaired adults (n = 14), with an independent control group (n = 14) completing identical proprioceptive training without stimulation. Proprioception was quantified using a bilateral robotic assessment of dynamic ankle localization ability (Crisscross), gross motor output using maximum dorsiflexion strength, and gait during normal and tandem treadmill walking using spatiotemporal, trunk-sway, and mediolateral center-of-mass (CoM) excursion measures. Acute tSCS increased ankle proprioceptive error (p < 0.001) while dorsiflexion strength was unchanged (p = 0.30). Gait shifted toward a modestly more constrained locomotor pattern, characterized by reduced step width and ML CoM excursion (p < 0.05). With continued training under stimulation, proprioceptive error decreased and, unlike the control group, the tSCS group showed progressive improvement that persisted after stimulation ended. Sagittal-plane gait measures recovered toward or beyond baseline, whereas mediolateral measures remained constrained, revealing a direction-dependent reorganization of locomotor control. Together, these findings show that tSCS influences multiple aspects of the sensorimotor control loop, disrupting conscious proprioception while reshaping locomotor behavior, and that the nervous system can adapt to altered afferent input through training.