TravKAN: コルモゴロフ-アーノルドネットワークによる高速かつ解釈可能な非線形走行可能性解析
TravKAN: Fast and Interpretable Nonlinear Traversability Analysis with Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks
本論文では、コルモゴロフ-アーノルドネットワークを用いた走行可能性推定フレームワークTravKANを提案し、学習後に解析式を抽出することで解釈可能性を実現し、LiDARの反射率特徴を新たに導入して性能を向上させた。
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著者: Daniel Fusaro, Simone Mosco, Wanmeng Li, Alberto Pretto
分類: cs.RO, cs.CV
原文アブストラクト
Traversability analysis is a fundamental capability for autonomous mobile robots operating in unstructured environments. While modern machine learning approaches such as deep neural networks and gradient-boosted trees achieve strong predictive performance, they lack interpretability and provide limited insight into the underlying terrain-robot interaction dynamics. In this paper, we propose TravKAN, a Kolmogorov-Arnold Network-based framework for fast, scalable, and interpretable traversability estimation. TravKAN represents multivariate decision functions through compositions of learnable univariate functions, enabling compact architectures and symbolic extraction of analytic expressions after training. In addition, we introduce a novel set of handcrafted features derived from the reflectivity channel of LiDAR sensors. To the best of our knowledge, reflectivity has not been systematically exploited for handcrafted traversability descriptors, despite its potential to capture material and surface properties complementary to geometric cues. We evaluate TravKAN on public, real-world urban and off-road datasets and compare it against strong baselines. TravKAN achieves strong performance across all metrics, outperforming conventional deep models and approaching the performance of XGBoost. TravKAN-Lite, i.e., TravKAN's symbolic representation, reveals meaningful nonlinear feature interactions and provides a compact, deployment-friendly, and fast analytic model. Ablation studies further show the robustness of our method to architectural variations and quantify the contribution of the proposed reflectivity-based features. These properties make TravKAN attractive for robotic systems requiring transparency, real-time computational efficiency, and interpretability in safety-critical decision-making.